In most states, EMS providers are mandated reporters of suspected abuse and neglect involving children and elderly patients—a responsibility emphasized during initial education but often inadequately prepared for in practice. In the field, recognizing abuse is rarely straightforward. While some cases are obvious, others are subtle, complex, and easy to overlook. Yet the consequences of failing to report—or reporting without proper evidence—can be significant for both patients and their families. In this practical, case-based session, EMS professionals will learn how to recognize common and subtle indicators of abuse and neglect in both pediatric and geriatric populations. We’ll cover physical, emotional, psychological, and sexual abuse, as well as self-neglect and financial exploitation among the elderly. Special attention will be given to understanding patterns, assessing history, documenting findings effectively, and making appropriate reports. Through discussion and real-world examples, providers will gain the tools and confidence to fulfill their duty as mandated reporters while safeguarding vulnerable patients.